Alcohol Related Issues in Redfern New South Wales

Question: "ALCOHOL RELATED ISSUES IN REDFERN NEW SOUTH WALES" Explain why alcohol gives domestic violence.Identify what research in this area has already been undertaken and point out gaps in knowledge. Critically consider what debates exist and different points of view from within the particular disciplinary perspective. .Explain how this existing information will inform the work you are undertaking as a group. What, if any, policies, guidelines or regulations might exist that affect everyday life and the work of people, and the organisations within communities. Answer: Introduction Social problem is considered as a situation where some people are viewed as undesirable. The social problems can affect and hamper the society. On the other hand, social issues consider problems within a particular group or area. Therefore, it can affect the real life or community. The current study will be discussing about social problem related to alcohol related issues with reference to Redfern New South Wales and the relation between alcohol and domestic violence. Alcohol and Medical Problems According to alcohol is termed as toxic substance that can have serious affect on the body organs. The major health issues that are related with alcohol consumption are: Stomach Functioning and interferes can slow down with digestion Can cause ulcer and gastritis Chances of cancer Liver Person can have fatty liver or alcoholic hepatitis Permanent damage of liver (cirrhosis) Heart Can affect the rhythm of normal heart Blood vessels can damage Wane heart muscles Can lead to enlargement Other Effects Tremors in hands and feet Lead to muscles degeneration due to loss of protein Sexual issues Malnutrition problem Neuritis tingling sensation Social Problems connected with alcohol use As per Broady et al. (2014) consuming alcohol can lead to many consequences on the part of individual drinker and also on the environment and society. The people can lose their life and can affect the life of others along with him/her. Apart from that, Day (2013) mentioned that alcohol can lead to damage of much public or private property and can also affect the economic productivity. Workplace and alcohol consumption: Heavy percentage of drinking at the working place can lead to lower productivity. On the other hand, Hart, A. (2009) opined that excessive use of alcohol can end up to absence and it can involve substantial cost to workers and systems of social security. There are number of evidence which proves that alcohol dependence lead to higher percentage of sickness absence. For instance, in NSW about 30% of workplace accidents and absenteeism occurs due to alcohol dependence (Who.int, 2015). Family and Alcohol consumption: Powell and Murray (2008) stated that, alcohol use by the parents can lead to child abuse that can affect the environment of child psychologically, socially and economically. Moreover, the drinking can consume large money and affect the family life. The person drinking high alcohol can lead to violence, HIV infection with their partners, etc. Moreover, the person may have no concern for the family and can spend all their income on alcohol. Poverty and Alcohol: As per Roman and Reid (2012), the economic expenditure effect on drinks are wide in poverty areas. The drinker may suffer economic effects such as low wage, high medical expenses, lost employment opportunities, less eligible for having loan, etc. For instance, as per the recent survey in NSW around 10% of men agreed that they have high expenditure on alcohol than their total income. Real Cost of Alcohol According to Lee (2013), the large percentage of income or revenue is gained from the sale of alcohol. On the other hand, Lanz (2013) pointed that hidden or cumulative costs are higher in terms of health care, absenteeism and decreased level of income due to heavy alcohol use. Health and Safety: The use of alcohol can lead to premature death, various cancers, damage of organ system, violence, trauma, unsafe sexual practices, and families poor nutritional facilities, etc. For instance, from the survey on NSW, it was found that around 13-16% suffered from traumatic brain issues (Assaf and Chaban, 2013). Workplace: Around 400% of accidents and 20% of absenteeism at workplace was found in the survey conducted in 2009 in NSW due to consumption of alcohol. Apart from that, the annual loss that occurred due to alcohol was estimated to be around $1380 to $ 1570 million that affected the society and nation (Health.gov.au, 2015). Family: According to Livingston (2011), almost3to 40% of household expenditure is depleted on alcohol. As a result, the families were incapable to pay for food or educations that are below poverty line. On the other hand, alcohol abuse can end up to separations or divorce and affect emotional trauma. Alcohol and Domestic Violence The alcohol use also has serious impact on the domestic violence incidents. The studies have resulted that the relationship among domestic violence and alcohol is complex. The domestic violence due to alcohol affects the emotional, social, physical and financial wellbeing of the families and individuals. For instance, an incidents analysis covered by New South Wales police in 1991 pointed that approx 40% of domestic violence arises due to alcohol (Rees and Pease, 2007). The violence against the partners involves more alcohol that having violence against other person. The domestic violence arises due to family pressure, work pressure, instable mental state, etc that affect both the partners. On the basis of previous studies, it has been found that wives that are abused by their partners have taken higher proportion of alcohol. For instance, as per the report of 2008, in NSW almost 30% has alcohol involvement and had bad behavior with their wife or families (Health.gov.au, 2015). On the other hand, Who.int, 2015) investigated that in Australia, a large section of young rural female fatality pointed that they had verbal abuse in pubs, clubs and in home. As per the report conducted by Health Organization shows that: Physical Abuse Rural Metropolitan In Home 43.8% 30.4% In pubs and clubs 47.3% 32.6% Put in fear (in home) 32.1% 20.0% Apart from that, Lanz (2013) mentioned that as per the survey of community attitudes to violence against women in Australia resulted that community has perception that alcohol is the prime cause that lead to domestic violence. On the other hand, 94% of people pointed that alcohol as a trigger but is not an excuse for violence. The consumption of alcohol is strongly correlated with the partner violence against the non-partner violence. In the domestics violence between husband and wife, husband are more aggressors and largely hurts the wife by throwing hands, using slang language by using the power. According to Powell and Murray, (2008), the domestic violence arises if one partner is not happy with the conduct of their partners or behavior or having fight regularly. Therefore, it can make the people to consume alcohol in order to release out mental pressure. On the other hand, Hart, (2009) argued that domestic violence can arise if there is stress to maintain the family and provide good and healthy and in spite of trying hard the person may fail which can led to depression and inclined towards the alcohol. Moreover, the financial pressure, lower social standing and behavior changes can result in domestic violence. Therefore, it can be said that it is an excuse for violence. Change Models and Methods Brief Counseling: In order to squeeze out from the alcohol consumption, the addicted person can be given counseling so that the person life can be improved. The counselor may need to understand the current drinking levels and provide some tips to acknowledge the risks and benefits associated after consuming alcohol (Carrie Chan, 2015). Guide Self Change: The people can be motivated to resolve their issues and proper guidance can be delivered to the people. The addicted person has to be encouraged that he/she has to take the responsibility so that domestic violence can be decreased (Roman and Reid, 2012). Harm Reduction Model: This model can help to educate the people about drinking without engaging any legal, financial, physical and social issues (Day, 2013). The person may no need to stop their drinking but they may require drinking responsibly. Motivational Interviewing: The expert can conduct motivation interview for the people that are alcohol addicted and it can help them in realizing their negative consequences. It can help in bringing change among the people that can assist in solving domestic violence and building strong bonding between partners (Broady et al. 2014). Psychodynamic Therapy: The therapy can help in knowing the past or negative consequences or experiences that a person has gone through then it could help in bringing change in the drinker (Livingston, 2011). The alcohol counseling can deliver ways to the person to deal with the drinking habits. Personal View The alcohol consumption and addiction is a serious issue and gives rise to many issues that affect the personal and public life. According to me, I think that alcohol has a contribution in domestic violence but the reason of violence is based on other factors that lead to conflict. I believe that alcohol use has more affect on the family. The domestic violence hurts the weaker person the most. On the other hand, the reason behind domestic violence has to be studied before making the alcohol the main reason for violence. Conclusion The study on alcohol and its relation with domestic violence shows that it leaves a great impact on the family and individual person. The domestic violence gives rise to separation and physical problem. The people incline to alcohol due to many reasons that result in violence that affects family and people around family. Apart from that, in order to resolve the domestic violence some change models and methods is effective for the people that are alcoholic. References Assaf, S. and Chaban, S. (2013). Domestic Violence Against Single, Never-Married Women in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. Violence Against Women, 19(3), pp.422-441. Broady, T., Gray, R. and Gaffney, I. (2014). Taking Responsibility: A Psychological Profile of Men Attending a Domestic Violence Group Work Intervention Program in New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(14), pp.2610-2629. Carrie Chan, (2015). Alcohol Issues in Domestic Violence. Day, A. (2013). Commentary on Stuart et al . (2013): Domestic violence and interventions to reduce alcohol use. Addiction, 108(8), pp.1385-1386. Hart, A. (2009). 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